Short description:

Standards like ISO 26262 provide some guidance on communication protection. Detection of communication errors is a very basic knowledge that is state-of-the-art in automotive.
However, in advent of fault-tolerant systems required for L3/L4/L5 systems, the communication network does not only need to detect errors (and go to safe state), but most importantly it needs to be tolerant against failures of elements and ensure that even in case of a failure of one link, node or SoC, the automated vehicle functions (environment perception, route determination and lateral/longitudinal control) can still operate. 

General approach: